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SOUTHPORT '99

PROCEEDINGS

 

OF THE 6^TH

 

SRP INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

 

Held in Southport, 14-18 June 1999

 

 

 

 

Organised by

 

The Society for Radiological Protection

 

 

Co-Sponsored by

 

The French (SFRP), German-Swiss (FS) and Netherlands (NVS) Societies for Radiological Protection

 

 

Editor

 

M C Thorne

 

ISBN 0-7058-1784-9

 

 

 

SOUTHPORT '99

 

PROCEEDINGS

 

OF THE 6^TH

 

SRP INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

 

 

 

 

 

Published by the Society for Radiological Protection. Material from this publication may be subject to requirements of Copyright held by the authors or their organisations. It is noted that no assignment of Copyright has been made to the Society for Radiological Protection and that only a right to publish this material in all media, including print, electronic and microfilm is asserted.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Society for Radiological Protection

21 Wigmore Street

London

W1H 9LA

 

 

 

 

ISBN 0-7058-1784-9

SOUTHPORT '99

 

CONTENTS (CD VERSION)

 

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Contents	This file
Editorial	This file
Regulations and Standards
Controllable dose: A discussion on the control of individual doses from single sources R H Clarke	p1-1
Regulating for radiation protection: Harmonisation and flexibility P T Kemball, W P Bines and M K Williams	p1-2
A regulatory view of de-licensing at UK Nuclear Sites I F Robinson and D N Simister	p1-3
The UK's programme for nuclear criticality safety research D N Simister and M R Macphail	p1-4
A regulatory programme to assess licensees' arrangements for monitoring the public impact of direct radiation from civil Nuclear Sites in the UK - 1999 update D N Simister and P M S Stephen	p1-5
Education and Training
Education and training: A European perspective D Teunen	p2-1
Radiation protection in the educational system of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia R Kljajic, Z Masic, R Mitrovic and B Petrovic	p2-2
The development, assessment and appointment of Radiation Protection Advisors at BNFL R W Anderson	p2-3
Why radiation protection training is not working R M Guest	p2-4
A training scheme for radiological protection professionals I R Collingwood and G O Thomas	p2-5

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Natural Radiation
Natural radiation: Approaches to controlling exposure W Kraus and G Kendall	p3-1
Recent developments in evaluating radon remediation strategies A R Denman, C Kennedy and P S Phillips	p3-2
An initial assessment of radiation exposure arising from 210Pb and 210Po in terrestrial foodstuffs from regions of England and Wales D Jackson, P McDonald and D R P Leonard	p3-3
Radiation protection issues associated with naturally occurring radioactive material in refractory production D M Smith	p3-4
Examples of enhanced exposure to natural radiation W Kraus and G M Kendall	p3-5
Radiation exposure in some non-nuclear industries involving natural radioactivity E Botezatu, O Iacob, L Clain and C J Grecea	p3-6
Dose rate conversion factors for external exposures inside African traditional buildings A O Mustapha, J P Patel, I V S Rathore and I K Ibikunle	p3-7
Towards a radiation performance index for dwellings in the Netherlands E R van der Graaf, L E J J Schaap and G Bosmans	p3-8
Medical Exposures of Patients
Medical exposures of patients: Medical radiation exposure versus radiation protection H W Roser and J Roth	p4-1
Medical Exposure Directive - 97/43/EURATOM (MED) C Zuur	p4-2
Radiation dose to patients who participate in medical research studies R J Vetter and K L Classic	p4-3
Balancing the use of radiation in endovascular brachytherapy Y Franken and Chr J Huyskens	p4-4
International traceability of radiotherapy dosimetry P J Allisy-Roberts and D T Burns	p4-5
Radiation Protection in Radiographic Procedures Performed in Clujana Hospital (Cluj-Napoca, Romania) S Ramboiu, L Paduraru, I K Cri'an, N Klein, V Marton, V Tomulescu and C Milu	p4-6
Film reject rate studies in major diagnostic x-ray facilities in Tanzania W E Muhogora, A M Nyanda, J E Ngaile and U S Lema	p4-7
An investigation into the use of the RADOS dose area product meter in diagnostic radiology D J Rawlings, C-L Chapple, J Hetherington and L A Lawson	p4-8
Patient radiation doses from interventional procedures H W Warren-Forward and L Duggan	p4-9

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Non-ionising Radiations
Optical radiation hazards S G Walker	p5-1
Optical radiation hazard assessment and exposure limitation S G Walker	p5-2
Operational Control of Radiation Exposure
Developments in UK occupational exposure R Coates	p6-1
Challenges in radiological and nuclear safety: BNFL Inc.'s experience in US DOE cleanup activities M S Colalancia	p6-2
Practical measurement problems associated with alpha surface contamination control in the decommissioning environment - the need for operational matrix metrology standards R P L Hedley, P Danyluk, E Walker, S Fannin, R Kingston, S Candlin and A Edwards	p6-3
Forecasting and control of radiation exposure during dismantling of training reactor at RNC Greenwich S G Robertshaw, J A Clark and D J Hoult	p6-4
Unfamiliar aspects of scintillation counter performance P H Burgess	p6-5
Decommissioning and disposal of redundant radioactive facilities at Manchester University M J Calloway and F M Ashworth	p6-6
35 years of change - past achievements and future challenges of operating a Magnox fuel reprocessing plant into the next millennium P Vallance, A R Britcher, R Edgar and J Bishop	p6-7
Use of a continuous air monitoring system at AWE J Denvir	p6-8
Operational health physics aspects of recent tritium campaigns at JET P Macheta, B Patel, D Campling and P Schofield	p6-9
Workplace monitoring techniques for tritium K Higham	p6-10
Operational dose control during the decommissioning of a redundant plutonium facility D G Pomfret Larger than 1MB	p6-11
Delivery of radiological protection services K A Stevenson	p6-12
Cleaning of a medical cyclotron K Sztanko and A Kacperek	p6-13
Operational experience of the Siemens Electronic Personal Dosimeter within BNFL Magnox Generation A R Weeks, P J Farell and M P Pottinger	p6-14
The role of the Radiation Protection Supervisor at AWE R J Wilkins	p6-15

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The health physics challenges of fusion power H M Thompson	p6-16
Radiological control of contractors at BNFL Sellafield S M Kelso	p6-17
ALARP management issues at the client-contractor interface M D Lewis	p6-18
Epidemiology and Radiobiology
Radiobiology and radioprotection: Present data and future aspects C Streffer	p7-1
Age and time variations of solid tumour risk after exposure to ionizing radiation in childhood, and implications for population cancer risk M P Little, F de Vathaire, M W Charles, M M Hawkins and C R Muirhead	p7-2
Low dose irradiation - a threshold assumption is inappropriate R Wakeford	p7-3
Low doses of ionising radiation incurred at low dose rates D J Higson	p7-4
Antimicronucleus effects of pyrimidine and thyazolidine derivatives in people exposed to radiation after an accident at the Siberian chemical plant N N Ilyinskikh, E N Ilyinskikh, I N Ilyinskikh and B V Smirnov	p7-5
Updated analysis of mortality in workers at UK atomic weapons establishments P Johnson, W D Atkinson and J L Nicholls	p7-6
The mortality and cancer morbidity experience of employees at the Chapelcross plant of British Nuclear Fuels Ltd, 1955-1995 D McGeoghegan and K Binks	p7-7
Hereditary radiobiological effects in offspring of the first generation after irradiation of one and both parents: experimental studies I Nefyodov and I Nefyodova	p7-8
Hereditary radiobiological effects in offspring of the second generation after irradiation of both parents: experimental studies I Nefyodova and I Nefyodov	p7-9
Early effects of neutron irradiation on ultrastructure of pancreatic islets and carbohydrate metabolism in Wistar rat J V Daoo and S A Suryawanshi	p7-10
Second analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers: Mortality and occupational radiation exposure C R Muirhead, A A Goodill, R G E Haylock, J Vokes, M P Little, D A Jackson, J A O'Hagan, J M Thomas, G M Kendall, T J Silk, D Bingham and G L C Berridge	p7-11
Radiological Impacts of Radionuclides in the Environment and Solid Waste Disposal
Radiological protection of the environment G A M Webb	p8-1
Radiological impacts from enterprises of the nuclear fuel cycle in Russia I I Kryshev	p8-2
Current radiation doses in the Southern Urals as a result of historical discharges from the Mayak complex T Cabianca, A P Bexon, V Pozolotina, A Trapeznikov, C A Fayers and J R Simmonds	p8-3
A vertically resolving model of sediment and radionuclide transport for the Ribble Estuary P Gleizon Larger than 1MB	p8-4
Radioactive material in scrap metal - the UK approach D M Smith	p8-5
Prognoses for contamination, production-location, market place, total diet, and incorporation measurements - steps in the investigation of radiation exposure to man via the ingestion pathway in the case of an accident A Bayer, M Bleher, L Hornung-Lauxmann, K Konig and R Stapel	p8-6
Radioecological monitoring and radiological control as environmental safety basis at the nuclear facilities marine coast L D Blinova, V N Dushin, L V Golubeva and T G Michurina	p8-7
Remediation options for radioactive wastes from non-nuclear industries A Bousher and D Jackson	p8-8
Environmental monitoring for tritium on and around the JET site D C Campling, A C Bell, A D Haigh, C Caldwell-Nichols, B Patel and P A Schofield	p8-9
British Radwaste Information Management System (BRIMSTM) A G Davies, B J R Burke and F Brown	p8-10
Novel wildlife pathways for the spread of radioactive contamination from nuclear sites M Emptage, B Wilkins, F Brookes and S Conney	p8-11
What is the appropriate value of deposition velocity for use in predictive models for emissions from well-engineered facilities? M J Fulker, E I Evans and G Shaw	p8-12
Environmental contamination bioindication of the radioactive waste storage enterprise arrangement S A Geraskin, L M Zimina, N S Dikareva, V L Zimin, D V Vasiliev, L D Blinova, N V Isaykina and E B Nesterov	p8-13
Effect of domestic food preparation processes on radionuclide concentrations D Jackson and M Edwards	p8-14
Investigation and evaluation of outdoor-radon from residues of mining activities in Germany C Dushe and M Kuemmel	p8-15
A common approach to restoration of sites contaminated with enhanced levels of naturally occurring radionuclides B Lambers, D Jackson, H VandenHove, P Hedemann-Jensen and A Smith	p8-16
POSEIDON: A software for assessing radiological impacts of radionuclides in European seawater environment S Lepicard	p8-17
Practical experience in the decontamination and melting of low level waste with particular reference to radiological, safety and environmental matters F R Powell	p8-18
Comparative assessment of radon impacts associated with mill tailings storage T Schneider and J L Daroussin	p8-19

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The role of site specific habits surveys in radiological assessments D L Smith, K Winpenny, T Eaton and G P L Naylor	p8-20
Safety aspects related to radon production from retrievably disposed waste in the deep underground E R van der Graaf, J B Grupa and A D Poley	p8-21
Revised license for a radwaste facility in the Netherlands J Welbergen	p8-22
Abundance, characterisation and dose implications of 'hot particles' found in the vicinity of BNFL Sellafield A J Whittall, P McDonald, D Jackson and P J Tossell	p8-23
Radiation Dosimetry
Dose assessment, past, present and future R Strong	p9-1
Three-dimensional radiation dose measurements with transparent media and optical readout techniques M A Bero, W B Gilboy, P M Glover, P M Jenneson and E J Morton	p9-2
A radiation measurement film employing optically stimulated luminescence technology R C Yoder	p9-3
Doses to the embryo, fetus and newborn child following intakes of radionuclides at work by the mother J R Gill, J D Harrison, A W Phipps and T J Silk	p9-4
An internal dose investigation B Dower and J L Finlayson	p9-5
Investigation of SIMS in microanalysis of biological samples for retrospective dosimetry of accidental contamination A Amaral, C Fourre, M Goldberg, M H Henge-Napoli, B Le Guen, C Tessier and P Pihet Larger than 1MB	p9-6
Alternative techniques for the measurement of internally deposited 226Radium E Goadsby and E Cowling	p9-7
Plutonium and americium contaminated puncture wound - initial treatment, monitoring, dosimetry and medical aspects S J Jefferies, M J Dolan, P Stewart, P J Thompson and R G W Anderson	p9-8
Computerised dosimetry systems J A Jones	p9-9
The UK programme for radiation protection standards V E Lewis, C J Moretti, D J Thomas and M J Woods	p9-10
Estimation of the 241Am content in the skeleton of a person contaminated 25 years ago I Malatova, S Foltanova and T Novotny	p9-11
The impact of the new ICRP 66 respiratory tract model and ICRP 67 biokinetic model for plutonium on dose assessments J Martis, C Scarlett and A Smith	p9-12
Recent experience in the investigation of internal dose calculation software P Pihet, E Ansoborlo, I Aubineau-Laniece, Ph. Berard, N Frappe, B Le Guen and J L Malarbet	p9-13
The DRPS radon measurement service based on a passive monitor L Talbot	p9-14
A free-air chamber for the measurement of low energy x-rays T T Williams and T Sander Larger than 1MB	p9-15
Application of AEGIS: A technique for continuous monitoring of radiation dose rates at the finger tip C J Martin, S Dhanse, A Montgomery, T Hilditch and D Anstee	p9-16
Emergency Preparedness
Emergency preparedness - operational or paper tiger? An international review and outlook H H Brunner and E Lazo	p10-1
Insufficiency of the 'dose' concept for the diagnosis and the prognosis in case of accidental overexposure P Gourmelon and V Philippe	p10-2
Application of some aspects of the Radiation (Emergency Preparedness and Public Information) Regulations - REPPIR G G Gill	p10-3
Development of a criticality emergency planning code of practice K E Bhanot	p10-4
RODOS STM - a powerful support system to aid the planning for potential reactor emergencies L M C Dutton, D Clarke, E Grindon, C Smedley and S French	p10-5
Health physics emergency response arrangements at AWE Aldermaston M W Walker	p10-6
Finland's preparedness to make airborne gamma measurement in emergency situation M Kettunen, T Heininen and M Pulakka	p10-7
A mobile analytical laboratory for the support of radiation specialists after a radiological incident Y Loertscher	p10-8
Comparison of arrangements in Member States of the EU for dealing with emergencies during the transport of radioactive materials S S Skennerton	p10-9
Technical underpinning of the early phase monitoring of a plume release from AWE P J Thompson and S D Robarts	p10-10

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Note: Papers and figures are generally accessible from Word 6.0 and can be printed on any standard printer. Paper p4-4 requires an Adobe Reader and Paper p9-2 requires a PostScript printer.

 

SOUTHPORT '99

 

EDITORIAL

 

This international meeting is the sixth organised by the Society for Radiological Protection. It is co-sponsored by the French (SFRP), German-Swiss (FS) and the Netherlands (NVS) Societies for Radiological Protection.

 

As with previous meetings, the scientific content is broad, covering topics ranging from fundamental radiobiology to instrument construction and calibration. Although many of the contributions are from the countries of the sponsoring Societies, others are from further afield. In particular, the variety of substantial contributions from Central and Eastern Europe is very welcome.

 

Overall, the Organising Committee and the Scientific Programme Committee decided to follow previous practice to have both oral papers and posters. Allocation between the two categories was determined by the suitability of the subject matter for the two methods of presentation, not the quality or degree of interest. In the case of posters, an innovation at this meeting is the provision of early evening sessions set aside for viewing and chaired discussion. It is hoped that these sessions will provide an additional forum for stimulating discussion and debate. Each oral session begins with one or two keynote papers by leading authorities on the subject area covered by that session. These papers are intended to provide a context for the specialised contributed papers that follow or that are presented in the corresponding poster session. This reflects a deliberate aim to provide underpinning knowledge on all aspects of radiation protection, as well as to provide information on the latest developments.

 

The meeting is supported by a major product exhibition and a variety of technical visits have been arranged. These are regarded as an important, integral part of the overall scientific programme.

 

However, a major gathering such as Southport '99 is also an opportunity to meet colleagues informally. To this end, a variety of social events has been organised for scientific delegates and social participants. These include two receptions, the Symposium Dinner and a Lancastrian evening at the theatre.

 

Publication of the Proceedings in advance of the meeting, so as to be available to participants on arrival, follows previous practice. This has advantages and disadvantages. Availability of the detailed technical information is a considerable aid in appreciating the material being presented and helps to inform discussion of the work. In addition, it means that the papers are immediately available for reference and that a substantial body of new and relevant material can be rapidly accessed by the radiation protection community world-wide. However, pre-publication inevitably results in a degree of non-uniformity in presentation and lack of inclusion of any discussion. The latter of these two disadvantages is unavoidable, the former has been mitigated on this occasion by issue of detailed instructions to authors and the provision of electronic copies of many of the papers. The editor has been able to bring many of these electronic versions into a standard format. However, limitations of time and editorial competence mean that this has not been possible for every paper. All papers that could be converted to standard electronic form within the short time available have been placed on the enclosed CD-ROM for the convenience of users of the proceedings. However, it is emphasised that it is the printed papers that remain definitive.

Thanks are due to all members of the Organising Committee and Scientific Programme Committee for the immense amount of work that they have put in to make this meeting possible.

 

 

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